Recently I needed to prepare an introduction to St Francis’
Canticle of the Creatures. The Canticle
was to be the prayer opening to a talk on Laudato si given by Peter
Arndt, Executive Office, Catholic Justice and Peace Commission, Brisbane.
Introduction to the Canticle
The title of Pope Francis’ encyclical, Laudato si is
taken from The Canticle of the Creatures by St Francis of Assisi.
It is thought to be the first hymn ever written in ‘Italian’
i.e. in the Umbrian dialect.
First of all, a word on the Umbrian word ‘per’ usually
translated ‘through’ or ‘for’. It is
ambiguous as it can mean through, in, for or with. So, the Canticle is praise of God through,
in, for, with all creation.
The Canticle can sometimes be perceived as a sentimental,
romantic hymn to creation. This is to
misunderstand it.
The Canticle arose from St Francis’ profound mystical
relationship with the Divine incarnate in Jesus - ‘the Lord of Glory who became
our brother’. He is Friar Jesus, our brother. He is at the same time the Divine Word
through whom all things were created, thus Francis’ reverence for the
brotherhood and sisterhood of all creation rests in Jesus who became one of us.
Creation is the primary revelation of Divine creative love
and in Jesus’ flesh-taking this creative Parenthood of God is made
visible. So, we and all that is created
are sisters and brothers through the Parenthood of the Father and the
flesh-taking of the Word in the creative power of the Spirit.
Francis wrote the Canticle over a period of time.
The first verses were written in 1224/5 when he was living
in a darkened hut in the grounds of St Clare’s monastery, San Damiano where he
was being cared for by Clare and her sisters.
Francis was blind and in pain from having his eyes cauterised. From time to time the hut was infested with
mice.
From this darkness the verses of praise burst forth.
The second part was written to broker peace between the
Mayor of Assisi and the Bishop. Their
sworn hatred for each other developed into violent factions in the city. Francis wrote the verses about forgiveness
and sent his friars to sing it asking the Mayor and Bishop to ‘listen
carefully’. Peace was restored.
The verse welcoming Sister Death was written at the
Portiuncula around 3 October 1226 as Francis lay dying. He asked to be placed naked on the ground so
he could meet the God he loved in total poverty as did Jesus. Surrounded by the friars and Lady Jacopa di
Settisoli, he dictated these verses and asked his brothers to sing Canticle.
It is written by eyewitnesses that Francis died singing. It is said that when he died, though it was
night, the larks of Umbria flew into the sky and sang.
So, the Canticle celebrates the mystical insight into the
Divine and all creation. It is about faith,
gratitude, wonder at the gift of the Holy One who became one of us. It is sings of the deep relational truth of creation
and so how to live.
Often science has to catch up with the mystics.
The Canticle
Most
High, all powerful, good Lord,
Yours are the praises, the glory, the honour,
and all blessing.
To You alone, Most
High, do they belong,
and no one is worthy to mention Your name.
Be praised, my Lord,
through all your creatures,
especially through my lord Brother Sun,
who brings the day; and you give light through him.
And he is beautiful and radiant in all his splendour!
Of you, Most High, he bears the likeness.
Praised be You, my
Lord, through Sister Moon
and the stars, in heaven you formed them
clear and precious and beautiful.
Praised be You, my
Lord, through Brother Wind,
and through the air, cloudy and serene,
and every kind of weather through which
You give sustenance to Your creatures.
Praised be You, my
Lord, through Sister Water,
which is very useful and humble and precious and chaste.
Praised be You, my
Lord, through Brother Fire,
through whom you light the night and he is beautiful
and playful and robust and strong.
Praised be You, my
Lord, through Sister Mother Earth,
who sustains us and governs us and who produces
varied fruits with coloured flowers and herbs.
